Jesus and Thomas

April 6, 2026

Theological Summary

Key insights and takeaways from the text.

John 20:24-29 presents a powerful narrative of doubt transformed into profound faith, centering on the resurrected Christ. The passage's central message is a profound affirmation of the physical reality of Jesus's resurrection and a call to believe in Him as Lord and God, especially for those who have not seen Him physically. It highlights Jesus's compassionate understanding of human skepticism and His divine patience in leading a sincere doubter to a robust confession of faith, ultimately blessing future generations who would believe without direct sight. This text serves as a cornerstone for Christian faith, validating the historical truth of the resurrection and shaping our understanding of what it means to believe. Key theological concepts woven throughout this passage include the nature of **faith** itself, which is shown to be a response to divine revelation, sometimes forged through honest struggle with doubt. Thomas's initial refusal to believe without empirical evidence (seeing the nail marks and putting his hand into Jesus's side) represents a universal human tendency to rely on the tangible. Yet, Jesus doesn't condemn Thomas but graciously offers the very proof he demanded, demonstrating God's condescension to meet humanity in its weakness. This interaction underscores Jesus's divine **compassion and patience**, revealing a God who cares intimately for His disciples' individual needs and spiritual journeys. Thomas's ultimate confession, "My Lord and my God!" is one of the most explicit and climactic declarations of the **divinity of Christ** in the entire New Testament, showing that the resurrected Jesus is not merely a revived man, but the incarnate God worthy of ultimate adoration. For Christians today, the practical application of this passage is manifold. Firstly, it offers immense comfort and encouragement to those who wrestle with doubt. Thomas's story assures us that genuine questions and honest struggles with belief are not necessarily antithetical to faith; rather, when brought before Christ, they can lead to a deeper and more personal conviction. We are called to follow Thomas's trajectory: to bring our doubts to Jesus, trust in His word and the testimony of His Church, and allow Him to transform our skepticism into worship. Secondly, the passage defines and blesses the faith of all believers who have not physically seen Jesus. We are among the "blessed are those who have not seen and yet have believed." This elevates our faith, affirming its validity and power, and reminds us that our belief, grounded in the historical testimony of Scripture and the work of the Holy Spirit, is precisely the kind of faith Jesus values. It also calls us to live out Thomas's confession, proclaiming Jesus as "My Lord and my God" not only with our lips but with our lives, committing to His sovereignty and deity in our daily walk. This means trusting His guidance, obeying His commands, and living in anticipation of His return, all based on the solid foundation of His resurrected reality.

Scripture

John 20:24-29

Old Testament Connections

Psalm 78:11 (NIV)

"They forgot what he had done, the wonders he had shown them."

Psalm 78:11 highlights a recurring human tendency to forget or disbelieve God's wonders, providing an Old Testament precedent for Thomas's initial struggle to accept the testimony of Jesus's resurrection without physical proof. Both passages underscore the challenge of faith when direct sight is absent, with John 20 ultimately contrasting this skepticism with the blessedness of believing without seeing.

Habakkuk 2:4 (NIV)

"See, the enemy is puffed up; his desires are not upright—but the righteous will live by his faithfulness—"

Habakkuk 2:4 declares that the righteous will live by faith, a principle echoed and fulfilled in John 20:29 where Jesus blesses those who believe without seeing. Thomas's journey from doubt to belief, and Jesus's subsequent pronouncement, illustrates that true righteousness and blessedness come through faithfulness, even in the absence of empirical evidence.

A Moment of Prayer

A prayer inspired by today's topic.

Dear Lord Jesus, like Thomas, we sometimes struggle with doubt, needing tangible proof to fully believe. Forgive our moments of skepticism and strengthen our faith to trust You even when we cannot see You with our physical eyes. Help us to believe in Your resurrection and Your living presence, knowing that You are truly with us always. May our hearts be open to Your truth, finding blessed assurance in Your word alone. Amen.

Historical Context

The world behind the Word.

The Gospel of John, particularly this passage (John 20:24-29), is traditionally attributed to John, the son of Zebedee and one of Jesus's twelve disciples. However, many modern scholars believe the Gospel's final form emerged from a Johannine community, a group of disciples and followers deeply influenced by John's teachings, sometime between 90-100 CE. This makes it the latest of the four canonical Gospels, composed well after the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple in 70 CE. The intended audience was likely a diverse community comprising both Jewish Christians, who may have been expelled from synagogues for their belief in Jesus as the Messiah, and Gentile converts. The Gospel aims to solidify faith in Jesus's divinity (

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